Refuse incinerator with dumping grate



Nov. 9, 1948. A. c. WATERMAN 2,453,289 V v REFUSE INCINERATOR WITH DUMPING GRATE Filed July 5, 1944 ZSnnentor .A rf/wr 6. Wafer/nan Gttorneg Patented Nov. 9, 1948 OFFICE REFUSE IN CINERATOR WITH DUMPING GRATE Arthur Waterman, Shreveport, La.

Application July 5, 1944, Serial No. 543,542

1 Claim.

My invention relates to incinerators.

An object of my invention is toprovide in an incinerator a baiile construction designed to prevent smoke, sparks, and fumes from coming out of the filling door of the incinerator during the period of time the incinerator is being charged.

Another object of my invention is to provide in an incinerator an improvement in air duct constructions.

Another object of my invention is to provide an incinerator that will handle a charge of garbage or other waste material including bottles and tin cans.

Another object of my invention is to provide a grate construction for use in incinerators which is adapted to separate tin cans, bottles and the like from garbage ash and adapted to selectively discharge the ash, the tin cans and other refuse.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will appear from a reading of my detailed description to follow of an incinerator construction embodying my invention which is shown illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a front elevation view of an incinerator embodying my invention.

Figure 2 is a side elevation view, partly broken,

of the incinerator illustrated by Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an enlarged broken elevation view, in part cross section on line II of Figure 1, and Figure 4 is a fractional view of the incinerator grate.

Referring to the drawings, numeral I designates generally the fire box of the incinerator which is shown in the drawings rectangular in cross section. But it is to be understood that. the fire box I may be made circular in cross sec tion or in other shapes if desired within the' scope of my invention.

The floor 2 forms a bottom wall of the'fire box, I. The chimney 3 with which the fire box I com- 2 the front wall If of the fire box I. The arched top 4 is preferably made slanting at its front edge so that the fillin door 5 may be laid back upon it, as best shown in Figure 2 of the drawing.

A baffie ledge I, having its upper surface made sloping, defines the lower wall of the filling opening 6. The baffle ledge I is preferably extended entirely across the front wall I: of the fire box I, that is to say the distance between the side Walls I s of the fire box I. The downwardly sloping surface of the battle ledge I serves as a,

guide for directing the charge to a position well back of the front wall If of the fire box I.

A more important function of the bafiie ledge I is its function as a baffle in deflecting the smoke, sparks, and fumes arising from the burning charge in a stream that ascends to the arched top 4 a sufficient distance rearwardly of the filling opening 6 to prevent any of the smoke, sparks and fumes from coming out of the filling opening 6 when the filling door 5 is opened.

The employment of the ledge 1 makes possible the use of a horizontally extending filling opening 6, The advantage of the horizontally extending filling opening 6 is that during the charging operation the operator may rest a barrel or other container on the lower wall or front wall of the filling opening to support the container while it is being dumped.

It is due to the feature of the battle ledge I that it is possible to install my incinerator in basement spaces. The reader will appreciate the importance of this improvement in incinerators when he considers how crowded oifice buildings In the case of most ofiice buildings there.-

are. is not enough ground space'outsideof the building for the locationof an outside incinerator.

The'air ducts 8 provided in the front wall of of the'fire box tare formed to' converge in-' wardly." Due to this special shape of the opening of the air ducts 8, air is drawn into the fire box I but the fumes, sparks and-smoke are prevented from coming out of the air ducts 8. I place the air ducts 8 in the front wall If beneath the baffie ledge I for the reason that the inrushing air to support the .combustion of the charge cooperates with theledge 'I in deflecting the fumes. sparks and smoke arising from the burn ing'charge. The tapered air ducts 8 constitute nozzles for directing the air of combustion coming through them into fast moving concentrated streams of air. The reader will better understand the meaning of this statement when I say that the fast moving streams of air coming in through the air ducts 8 and descending down to the burning charge bucks the ascending fumes, sparks and smoke and pushes it backwarclly, or some of it. Additional air of combustion reaches the burning charge through the gap between the ash drawers i6 beneath the grate ill.

The charge that is dumped in through the filling opening 6 falls down an and accumulates on the grate J and thelsloping hearth Qextending rearwardly and upwardly from the grate axle II. I make the hearth 9 sloping downwardly to the grate it! so that any accumulation of ashes A and cans C will slide down over the grate in in its lowered tilted position and-be'disback edge on a grate axle that is extended through the side wall is of the fire box 9. iNhile the grate axle l I is shown in the drawings as extended entirely across the fire box 6, it is to be understood that a pair of stud axles may be used. The axle H may be made a unitary part of the grate iii and adapted to turn in the side walls is if desired.

The grate ID is provided with a grate handle I2 fashioned in the shape of a rod of sufficient length to extend far enough outside of the front wall If so that when the grate ID is lowered to its lowest position shown by the dotted lines in Figure 3, a small fraction of the handle 52 would extend beyond the ash drawers l6 shown resting on the fioor'2.

A spring l3is provided to releasably hold the grate iii in the elevated'horizontal position best shown in Figure 3. In a'stretched position the lower-end of the spring 13 is attached to the grate handle l2 whilethe upper end of the stretched spring i3 is attached tothe spring hook M 'embedded in the front wall if. The spring it must besufficiently stifi when only partially stretched to sustain a full charge loaded onto the grate ii]. To dump the grate iii the operat'ordisconnects the spring 13 irom'the handle l2 and lowers the grate IE to the dotted line position shown in Figure'3, the discharging positionoi the grate iii. In this discharging position the forward edge of the grate it rests on the ash drawers Hi. It is more accurateto say that this lowermost position of the grate ii) is the residue discharging position, the position at which tin cans, bottles and other unburned residue may be discharged into the ash drawers E6. The ash fromthe burned charge will fall in between spokes of'the grate i ii. To facilitate the discharge of "this ash and to stoke the fire, the operator of the incinerator merely 'presses'the handle it. downwardly and allows the spring 1.3 'to snap "it'up. The jarring action of the handle 1 2 resulting from the striking or the "handle on the portion of the rrontwall I: bridging the gap between theash'drawers i 6 is transmitted "tothe grate liilresultingiin asha'king of the charge supported by the grate. The operator will'shake the grate in the manner above described as .often 'as he thinks is necessary.

When a number of charges containing tin cans, or even a single charge containin tin cans, bottles and the like has been burned, and the ashes have been sifted into the twoash drawers l6, the 7 cans C or other zesi du'e wilrbe retained on the grate Ill. The ashes may be disposed of and put to some practical use, and the drawers [6 returned to loading position. Then the operator releases the spring l3 from the handle i2 and lowers the handle l2 down to the floor 2 to the dotted line residue discharging position of the grate H]. In this position the cans C or the like residue roll down into the ash drawers I6.

The grate i0 is provided with an inverted V shaped deflector i5 extending lengthwise of the grate If! in a position straddling the grate handle I2, the inner portion of which grate handle i2 constitutes a center rod portion of the grate ID. The ash deflector I5 is adapted to deflect the ashes A and cans C into the ash drawers I6.

The ash drawers I6 are spaced from each other to provide, as said above, an additional air duct to supply air of combustion and also to provide a space for the handle l2 to move up and down in.

The ash drawers is are provided with drawer handles ll. The ash drawers [6 are spaced apart at theirbottoms'by means of guide rails I3 secured to the floor 2. I find small angle irons suitable for use in making the guide rails l8.

In this incinerator the ashes A and cans C maybeallowed to accumulate in the ash drawers it; until :they "are heaping full without hindering the withdrawal of the ash drawers 16 because of the feature of the inspection doors l9. The in: spectiondoors i9 hinged to front wall if maybe raised and fastened with the .door chains l2! carrying vdoor hooks 22. The operator need merely lift the inspection doors l9 up by their door handles 20 and hook the door hooks 22 around the door handles 2B to hold the doors l9 while he removes and then returns the ash drawers 16. There is'sufiicient head space provided in this incinerator above the drawers iii to permit themtobe piled high with ashes'A and cans C and removed without difiiculty. I

My incinerator'may be made out of the ma terials heretofore used in the construction of incinerators, for example the Jfire box i, may "be constructed out ofbricks or cement and lined on the inside with avfire resisting material such as fire clay. The grate ID, the handle l2 and grate Such grate rods act aslguide rails for the cans,

C to rolldown. It is to be understood however that other types of grates maybe used within thescope of my'invention.

Having thus described my invention, I claim: An incinerator comprising a bodyportion havingan upper combustion chamberland an ash ,pit

beneath the combustion chamber and vinqiree communication therewith, a pair of removable. drawerslmounted within the ash pit and including ends and sides, the drawersIbeing transversely spaced to provide a passage betweentheniyalgratedisposed within the body ,portion at the bottom of "the .combustion' 'c'harnber and adapted to be horizontally arrangecL-Lthe forward end 0f the grate terminating short of the forward .ends of the drawers, thegrate being adapted'toassume a lowered incline'dposition with its forward end restingupon the .sides of the-drawers with such forward end spaced from theforwardendsof the drawersso thatarticles upon the :grate may ;rd 11.

into the drawers, \means to pivotallylsup port the 5 vertically, a handle secured to the forward end of the grate and extending longitudinally beyond the same and projecting to the exterior of the body portion and movable within the passage, and a retractile coil spring connected with the body portion and with the handle and normally retaining the grate generally horizontal and to vibrate the grate when the handle is depressed and released so that the handle strikes against the end Wall of the passage.

ARTHUR C. WATERMAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

Number UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Brooks Sept. 22, 1868 Boileau Feb. 2, 1886 Archer May 30, 1905 Walden Aug. 12, 1919 Grunert Jan. 11, 1927 Howle July 1, 1930 Langford Sept. 30, 1930 Ginnell May 26, 1931 Lain Sept. 1, 1931 

